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When the deposition response takes place on the recent substrate surface, the films can develop an inside tensile stress due to the mismatch within the coefficient of thermal growth between the substrate and vapepremiumuk the film. The substrate on which the movie deposition takes place is ultrasonically cleaned and vapepremiumuk fastened to the substrate holder. Typically, focused high-energy electrons from one of many electron guns or infrared mild from heater lamps is used to preheat the substrate.

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